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Red |website = |country = United States |seats2_title = Seats in the House |seats2 = |seats3_title = Governorships |seats3 = |seats4_title = State Upper House Seats |seats4 = |seats5_title = State Lower House Seats |seats5 = |seats6_title = Other elected offices |seats6 = 1 (2015) }} Socialist Alternative (SA) is a Trotskyist political party active in the United States. It describes itself as "a national organization fighting in our workplaces, communities, and campuses against the exploitation and injustices people face every day." It describes itself as "a community of activists fighting against budget cuts in public services; fighting for living wage jobs and militant, democratic unions; and people of all colors speaking out against racism and attacks on immigrants, students organizing against tuition hikes and war, women and men fighting sexism and homophobia."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Who We Are, What We Stand For )〕 Socialist Alternative's main public representative is Seattle City Councillor Kshama Sawant who was elected in November 2013. It is active in over 50 cities in the United States including New York City, Oakland, Minneapolis, Boston, Seattle, New Orleans, Madison, Tampa, Philadelphia, Mobile, Chicago and more.〔 It recently began publishing a monthly newspaper called "Socialist Alternative" along with various local newsletters and media outlets, including a radio show in the Boston area. SA is a member of Committee for a Workers' International, an international organization of Trotskyist parties. ==History== Socialist Alternative was originally formed as Labor Militant in 1986 by members of the Committee for a Workers International who had moved to the United States. Labor Militant was a small group with its membership numbering mostly of trade union members. By the mid-1990s, Labor Militant became part of a campaign to form the US Labor Party where it was in the leadership of the New York Metro Chapter. The NY Metro Chapter, the largest in the country, saw Labor Militant and its allies run again for the leadership of the chapter under the "United Action" slate only to be defeated in an Executive Committee election. Labor Militant members and the United Action slate had argued that the Labor Party should vigorously run candidates against the Democrats, whereas the national leadership of the Labor Party refused to take such an approach. After the election, the New York Labor Party State Executive upheld the election results while suspending the NY Metro Chapter and several of its officers, eventually shutting down the chapter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=AMERICAN LEFT HISTORY: From The Archives Of The Socialist Alternative Press-Articles on the US Labor Party (1997-2002) )〕 In the late 1990s, Labor Militant changed its name to Socialist Alternative to reflect what was classified as a change in the political period〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Name Change Debate )〕 From 1998 to 2002, the Socialist Alternative party was active in the anti-globalization movement. It was present at many of the major protests during this time, including the N30 Protests in Seattle. At these protests it argued that the movement should take up the key demands of "abolish the IMF, World Bank and the WTO", "cancel the international debt", "papers for all undocumented immigrants" and "take the banks and financial institutions into public ownership". In 2004 Socialist Alternative party members initiated Youth Against War and Racism (YAWR) as a sustained campaign against the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. YAWR worked mainly in high schools primarily in counter-recruitment activism in several cities. In Seattle in 2005 several hundred high school students walked out of class in order to march in protest of the war in Iraq causing conflict with parents and school officials who contended that the students should focus on school during the day. Following protests by members of YAWR and Socialist Alternative against military recruitment in schools, the Seattle School Board enacted some restrictions on military recruiters at Seattle High School's. The changes included limiting military recruiters to visiting twice a year to each school despite the demands by the YAWR protesters for a total ban on military recruitment at schools. The Socialist Alternative party supported the candidacy of Ralph Nader during the 1996, 2000, 2004 and 2008 presidential elections. In 2012, they supported Green Party candidate Jill Stein in her run. Despite criticism from other socialist groups about supporting 'bourgeois candidates', Socialist Alternative argued that Stein supported a Green New Deal jobs program, ending wars, canceling student debt, a single-payer health care system, and other reforms supported by the party.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Break from the Two Parties of Wall Street! )〕 In the time leading up to the 2008 presidential election the Socialist Alternative party criticized Barack Obama,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/politics/obamas-promises/ )〕 pointing to his pro-free market stance on job creation, his record in congress of voting in favor of bills such as the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, his stance on healthcare reform, and on other issues. In 2013, the Socialist Alternative party garnered attention when it successfully elected a member, Kshama Sawant, to the Seattle City Council; Sawant is one of the few elected Socialists in the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Victory for $15 in Seattle! How Socialists Built a Winning Movement )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Socialist Alternative (United States)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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